The "New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2021–2035)" is a medium-to-long-term strategic blueprint for the new energy vehicle (NEV) sector, officially issued by the General Office of the State Council in October 2020 (State Council General Office Issue [2020] No. 39). Solidifying the core position of NEVs within the national strategy, the plan outlines a two-stage roadmap from 2021 to 2035, serving as a landmark policy document steering the high-quality growth of China's NEV industry.
The plan highlights that developing NEVs is vital for China's transition from a major automotive nation into a global automotive powerhouse, representing a key strategic initiative to tackle climate change and advance green development. It sets out three primary pillars: electrification, connectivity, and intelligence, focusing on deepening supply-side structural reforms and driving integrated innovation to secure high-quality, sustainable industry growth.
According to the blueprint, NEVs are transforming cars from mere transport modes into smart mobile terminals, energy storage units, and digital platforms, spurring comprehensive upgrades across energy, transport, and telecommunications infrastructure. The industry landscape is steadily shifting from a traditional linear supply chain into a multi-sector, multi-stakeholder networked ecosystem spanning automotive, energy, mobility, and ICT sectors.
The roadmap sets clear industry targets across two phased stages.
By 2025: The average energy consumption of new battery electric passenger cars (BEVs) is targeted to drop to 12.0 kWh/100 km, with NEV sales projected to make up around 20% of total new vehicle sales; highly autonomous driving vehicles will see commercial rollouts in designated areas and specific use-cases, alongside major enhancements in charging and battery-swapping accessibility.
By 2035: Pure electric vehicles (BEVs) are set to become the dominant mainstream in new vehicle sales, public fleet vehicles will be fully electrified, fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) will achieve broad commercialisation, highly autonomous driving will reach mass-scale deployment, seamless and efficient charging and battery-swapping networks will be fully established, and the hydrogen supply infrastructure will see steady progress—significantly boosting energy efficiency, reducing emissions, and driving overall socio-economic productivity.
The blueprint sets out five strategic priorities:
Boosting technological innovation capabilities. Place equal emphasis on complete vehicles and core components, accelerate complete vehicle integration innovation, and elevate industrial fundamentals for key components including traction battery packs and next-generation electric motors. Deepen the "Three Verticals and Three Horizontals" R&D framework—where "Three Verticals" represents battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs, including range-extended EVs), and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs); while "Three Horizontals" covers traction battery and battery management systems (BMS), drive motors and power electronics, as well as connected and intelligent technologies.
Building a next-generation industrial ecosystem. Led by ecosystem-tier frontrunners, accelerate the development and deployment of automotive operating systems, establish an efficient recycling and circular economy ecosystem for traction batteries, tighten quality and safety assurance, and foster a collaborative, interdependent, and profit-sharing industry network.
Driving cross-industry convergence. Foster in-depth integration of NEVs with energy, transport, and ICT networks, optimising energy consumption mixes whilst elevating the intelligence of urban transport systems and smart cities.
Enhancing infrastructure networks. Accelerate the rollout of EV charging points, battery-swapping stations, and hydrogen refuelling stations, boost interoperability, and encourage innovative business models. Actively advocate a residential charging model centred on smart, scheduled AC slow charging supplemented by emergency DC fast charging.
Deepening global collaboration. Uphold an open, integrated, and mutually beneficial cooperation mindset, step up engagement across R&D, vehicle design, trade and investment, and technical standardisation, whilst competing actively on the global stage.
The plan calls for the full implementation of NEV-related tax relief measures, dedicated fiscal support for public EV charging infrastructure developments, as well as preferential policies covering parking and charging tariffs. From 2021 onwards, in national ecological civilisation pilot zones and key air pollution control regions, the proportion of NEVs among newly added or replaced public sector fleets—including public buses, taxis, and urban logistics delivery vehicles—must be no less than 80%.
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